During winter or low-temperature environments, diesel engines require specific maintenance measures to ensure reliable starting, stable operation, and prolonged service life. The following precautions should be observed:
1. Fuel Selection and Management
In cold weather, diesel fuel can become more viscous and may produce wax precipitates, which can clog the fuel filter and reduce fuel flow. To prevent this, use winter-grade or low-temperature diesel fuel that corresponds to the regional climate. Additionally, regularly check and replace the fuel filter if necessary, and consider adding appropriate anti-gel additives when permitted.
2. Engine Preheating
Before starting, preheat the engine using the built-in glow plug system or other auxiliary heating equipment. Allow the engine to idle for a few minutes after starting so that the lubricating oil reaches all moving parts. Avoid sudden acceleration immediately after startup, as this can cause frictional wear when the oil is still cold and thick.
3. Cooling System Care
Ensure that the cooling system is filled with antifreeze of the correct concentration to prevent freezing and internal corrosion. Regularly check the coolant level, inspect hoses for cracks, and ensure there are no leaks. Replace the coolant at the recommended intervals to maintain proper thermal and corrosion protection.
4. Lubrication Management
Low temperatures increase the viscosity of engine oil, which can make starting more difficult and reduce lubrication efficiency. Use engine oil with the correct winter viscosity rating recommended by the manufacturer. Periodically verify oil level and condition, and replace oil and the oil filter at the required service intervals.
5. Battery and Electrical System Care
Cold weather reduces battery capacity and affects starting performance. Inspect battery terminals for corrosion, ensure secure electrical connections, and check the state of charge. If necessary, keep the battery properly charged or use a larger-capacity battery suitable for winter operation.
6. Regular Inspection and Operation Habits
During winter, frequently monitor engine operating temperature, exhaust color, and sound. Avoid prolonged idling in extremely low temperatures and ensure adequate warm-up before applying full load. Conduct regular comprehensive inspections to identify issues such as filter blockage, fuel leakage, or reduced performance early.
